Summarizing for the exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Summarizing for the exam - Essay Example Similarly the case study conducted by the Carlo, Lyyntines and Boland suggest that the organizations when view the IT systems as socio-technical systems, they tend to mitigate the risks of change through the combination of social/technical actors. This change process can be described through various models which take on to define how change in the organization takes place. For example, Kurt Lewin suggested a 3 stage model which comprehend the process of change into three stages whereas the model by Gleciher suggest that strong organizational dissatisfaction, vision for the future and taking immediate and tactical actions when exceed the amount of resistance for change than there will be a meaningful change within the organization. The five cognitive processes defined in the case study by Carlo, Lyyntines and Boland also suggest the same proximity with this model as the preoccupation with the failure and underspecificaion of the structure suggest the change process to tackle the risks . It must also be noted that the changes within the organizations take place mostly due to the internal and external risks faced by the organization. While changes take place within the organizations due to external and internal risks however these risks arise due to certain drivers which bring change in the organizations. These key drivers of change can vary accordingly however technology remains one of the key variables in the process of brining in change. It is through the so called disruptive technology that the change is comprehended which necessitate the paradigm shift for the organizations. Business Process re-engineering is therefore a planned and readymade response from the organizations to embarrass the change. Through Business Process Re-engineering, there occurs a fundamental re-think of the organizational processes and other systems and procedures including people. The case study by the Carlo, Lyyntines

The process of globalization and culture in Cape Town Essay

The process of globalization and culture in Cape Town - Essay Example People have forgotten their own culture and their own suffering. Critics take globalization as a factor which is changing their culture and imposing new cultures. What values and cultures did people adapt The high level of interconnectedness among nations, countries and cultures is referred to as globalization. The technological advancement has made the world a small place with almost every thing accessible to mankind (Globalization101, n.p). This high interaction and interdependence causes cultural mix up or cultural hybridization. Some people take consider this as a positive outcome of globalization. According to Rathkopf, globalization is the only way to a better and a more stable world. It is true, that globalization not only reduces cultural barriers but removes the negative aspects of any culture (Rathkopf, n.p). Many other people take globalization as a bargain to their culture and heritage, which is not acceptable to them. These people say that globalization is destroying their roots and their identity i.e. culture (Barlow, n.p). The globalization of products and commodities is considered to be a good thing; however this also has its own negative points. It not only declines the sales of locally made products but also disrupts the local economy. Hence it can be noted that globalization has both positive and negative outcomes. Thi... It not only declines the sales of locally made products but also disrupts the local economy. Hence it can be noted that globalization has both positive and negative outcomes. ABOUT THE REPORT This report will discuss the processes and effects of globalization in Cape Town, South Africa. The first part of the report will discuss the culture of the place and how it is organized. Moreover, how the place runs, will also be discussed. In the second part the effect of globalization on the culture of the place will be discussed. The conclusion will give an overview of what the future holds for the people in Cape Town. THE PLACE Cape Town is the provincial capital of the Western Cape and is probably one of the most beautiful cities of the world. Due to its beautiful beaches and scenery it attracts more tourists than any other place in South Africa. The total population of the city is almost 3.5 million (Statistics of South Africa, n.p). Even though this is a big number, but due to a larger area, the population density of the city is still low. Almost 80% of the households in Cape Town use electricity. Cape Town consists of almost 31% local black Africans. The rest are whites and Asians. This demography clearly states that there are more people from other nations, and hence they have their cultural influence in the area. Moreover, female population in the city is more than male population. Almost 58% of the native blacks are unemployed (Statistics of South Africa, n.p; City of Cape Town, 3-7). Almost 41% of the people in Cape Town speak Afrikaans. The rest speak Xhosa and English. Majority of the population is Christian with almost 10% having no religion at all. Cape Town can be called as the oldest city of South Africa, and it really is. Its oldest building Posthuys

Network planning for my Logistics class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Network planning for my Logistics class - Essay Example The decisions made on the logistics network are usually framed to act as a trade-off between the fixed costs of a warehouse and the costs of transporting the goods. This means that, if the network has a few warehouses, then there is a reduction of fixed costs although it raises the transportation costs. Adding more warehouses on the network reduces the transportation costs and increasing the fixed costs. There are two different factors which one must consider when designing a network design. The first factor which a logistician must consider most is the distance. Adding more warehouses in a network decreases the number of kilometers travelled because the distance from the supplier to the warehouse and then to the customer is minimized. Moreover, the most expensive part in the logistics is the movement of goods from the warehouse to the end user since the load shipped is always divided into different quantities. The more the warehouses on the design network the fewer the kilometers between the customer and the stores. This paper includes the second factor which is to optimally solve the network design problems whereby there is the inclusion of inventory cost. Ballou (2001) acknowledges the importance of the inventory costs inclusion over the fixed costs of warehousing and also the costs of the transportation. Ballou (2001) also explains that the absence of the inventory costs in network design is caused by the mixed integer in the linear programming, of which is a requirement to have the cost relationships to be linear. Unfortunately, in the real world, the relationships between the inventory and the number of warehouses are not linear. Using the approach of including the inventory costs motivates one to treat the relationship between the inventory and the number of warehouses as a function which is discrete. This is the reason of proposing the model that may be used by different firms through the inclusion of inventory in the

Moral Dilemmas and Guilt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Moral Dilemmas and Guilt - Essay Example Truth-telling or Honesty – As by hiring the candidate of your choice my honesty would be impaired, and e) Individual Freedom – Further my objectivity and self-determinacy would also be affected by this situation. Further, this situation also has the potential to affect my moral behaviour and this also constitutes ethical dilemma. Consultations with the ethics committee comprising of the HR personnel and supervisors, presented the following basic options: a) it would be violation of the general ethical principles as well as the Organization’s ‘Code of Business Conduct and Ethics’ to some extent as are discussed above, however, as all the candidates are of equal footings as yet and are equally compatible and capable as their results of the tests and the experience proves, we can also consider hiring Mr McDonough. But for that effective interviews need to be conducted as these may result in certain other observations about the candidates too. I have also considered the ethical Theory that is suitable for the situation that we are facing now. The applicable theory is ‘Consequentialism’, which presents that the right action is one which produces the best consequences. Considering the information that I have gathered and the priorities I have set, each option was evaluated and the potential consequences for all the parties involved were assessed. Following implications were observed: i) Carry on the interview proceedings of all the candidates, keeping in mind your request and considering Mr McDonough above others: Gives a chance as to find out the capabilities of others too, and satisfies all the three parties, the potential candidates, you and me. It will not cause the doubts in the minds of the candidates as they will all be satisfied that they are being evaluated on their capabilities, appointment of Mr McDonough will be as per your request, therefore, that will also satisfy your request and as all the regular proceedings will be carried and consideration can be paid to other candidates too if some extraordinary ability is discovered, this makes the HR personnel satisfied with their work.  

It would not be possible to create a global corporate governance code Essay

It would not be possible to create a global corporate governance code - Essay Example Over the several years ago, the major issue in corporate governance is a convergence' that has attracting many scholars and commentators in business field. The main reasons behind this approach are; the trend of globalization across the world and financial scandals that happened in many countries globally1. Most comparatives in this area have claimed that one or the other model is economically superior and that, over time, we should see convergence towards this model of best practice'. Although the shareholder model was heavily criticized in the early 1990s for the tendencies to under-invest and focus on short-term result2, at present the majority view is that the shareholder model will prevail due to the increasing dominance of institutional investors on international capital markets3. The convergence discussion focuses upon whether the increasing internationalization of capital markets and commerce will and should result in the harmonization of corporate governance standards across national boundaries. ... eavily criticized in the early 1990s for the tendencies to under-invest and focus on short-term result2, at present the majority view is that the shareholder model will prevail due to the increasing dominance of institutional investors on international capital markets3.The convergence discussion focuses upon whether the increasing internationalization of capital markets and commerce will and should result in the harmonization of corporate governance standards across national boundaries. Within this discussion, some scholars and policymakers tout conversion as imminent, inevitable, and invaluable4. Others expect harmonization of national corporate governance standards to be slowed by path-dependent factors such as local cultural values and the broader political and legal economics of the nation- state5.In addition to these differences of view pertaining to expected rates of convergence in term of its source. Some anticipate that convergence will be a formal matter, stemming from chang e that would align countries' positive law with one another6. Still others rely upon a more functional view of convergence, nothing that positive law is often trumped by effects of soft' law such exchange listing standards, voluntary corporate codes of conduct, and other business and regulatory norms7.What has been characterised as convergence is a discussion of Anglo-American domination. Convergence, after all, means to move or be directed toward each other or toward the same place, purpose, or result'8. The only significant movement in Anglo-American corporate governance standards, however, is an exported commodity being sold to both developed and developing nations9. Moreover, these domination tendencies are not confined solely to academic. For

Compare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare - Essay Example Though they were written 114 years apart, both individuals reinforce the importance of providing liberty and freedom for all men, illustrating that freedom has been a major issue in history that has caught the attention of very prominent historical figures. King makes sure that the reader understands that oppression is a danger to those who deserve freedom. He insists that it must be demanded by individuals who are being oppressed if there are to be any changes to tyranny or domination by hostile forces desiring to limit the liberties of members of society. King believes that in order for positive changes to occur for securing liberty, action must be initiated immediately. King is concerned that â€Å"do nothingism† of American culture (King para. 23) serves as a catalyst for denying independence, therefore trying to spark action with the audience, the clergymen, to emphasize the importance of African-Americans in taking responsibility for securing their own self-determination against oppressive forces in society. Thoreau, additionally, is attempting to spark action in the reader with the concepts and descriptions described in his essay. Thoreau asks men to take autonomy in assessing the role of government in the lives of citizens in order to provide more freedoms and liberties. Thoreau tries to spark action with the audience about the role of government, asking the reader to consider what type of government would be most appropriate for providing respect, which he believes is a step toward making progress in removing the oppressive force of government tyranny. Much like King, Thoreau sees influence of domineering regimes in society that try to remove choice and free will as being unacceptable and ones that require direct action by thoughtful members of society. King considers, in his letter, that the rights of men, whether black or white, are God-given and guaranteed to all citizens. He emphasizes the moral responsibility of providing liberties to all c itizens, using God as an appropriate reference to get the reader motivated to take action for their own autonomy from oppression. He believes that the unjust laws of men are dangerous because it conflicts with God’s intentions about equality of men, suggesting that any law which does this is largely unjust. Thoreau has a very similar view, however without the strong religious connotations that are present in King’s work. Thoreau sees the notion of moral conscience as being the foundations of what provides liberty and independence, much like King seeing the powerful government as being unjust and without conscience for securing the well-being of men. Thoreau compares the military of the time as being forced to fight against their own consciences by strong government, making them only a silhouette of what actually constitutes inherent humanity in men. The comparison with King’s work in this case is that government represents a danger to the God-given or in-borne e thics and morality of humankind. Thoreau compares military men as machines, coerced to remove their principles and ethical attitudes in order to serve the state. Similarly, King describes the forced complacency of historical slaves to this same type of obligation to serve the oppressor that leads to social insensitivity for the needs of fellow men. Thoreau also references the voting process, believing that it does nothing at all for securing virtue and liberty in

Learning Disabilities Essay Example for Free

Learning Disabilities Essay Children that are dealing with learning disabilities have a difficult road ahead of them. If the disability is neglected or overlooked for too long, the probability of the child falling behind in school as well as social aspects in their life is very high. However, properly identifying the problem and determining the best steps to assist in managing the disability will be vital in their young lives in helping them to achieve their goals. Life can be difficult and sometimes cruel for children, let alone children that are dealing with learning disabilities. A learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. Cognitive theory and children with learning disabilities have a close relationship. When talking about children who have learning disabilities, it is safe to say that they are not always identified in its earliest stage, which then can lead to long term problems in an individual’s life. From physical, emotional, and social obstacles, all of which they will encounter at some point in their lives if the necessary measures are not taken to help these children. Not having the organizational abilities to acquire the knowledge as it may be taught, limits the ability to properly learn. From the articles I have selected, Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling, Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities, Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference?, The Inhibition of Exogenous Distracting Information in Children with Learning Disabilities, and Cognitive functioning as measured by the WISC-R: Do children with learning disabilities have distinctive patterns of performance?, I will provide insight on how, why, and what the resolutions  are for these children. My chosen theory is relevant to my topic because a learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. A child with a learning disability may not have any major sensory problems yet they may still struggle to keep up with people of their age in functions of learning and regular daily activities. Through our development process, we become equipped with skills in order to grow, succeed, and evolve into our adult life. When a development stage, cognitive development stage, shows that the basic listening, comprehension, writing, reading, speaking, and the ability to reason are not present, someone needs to identify and address the situation as early on as possible in order for the child to have a chance to grow in all other stages of development. â€Å"Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling† article will help to shed some light on the events that occur during the counseling process. â€Å"Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities† will help me explain how the children struggle with problem solving when dealing with a learning disability. In the article â€Å"Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference?† will identify the importance of having a good, functioning ability to memorize and how children that have learning disabilities usually lack this ability. Cognitive Theory and Learning Disabilities Cognitive theory and children with learning disabilities have a close relationship. When talking about children who have learning disabilities, it is safe to say that they are not always identified in its earliest stage, which then can lead to long term problems in an individual’s life. From physical, emotional, and social obstacles, all of which they will encounter at some point in their lives if the necessary measures are not taken to help these children. Not having the organizational abilities to acquire the knowledge as it may be taught, limits the ability to properly  learn. A learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. A child with a learning disability may not have any major sensory problems yet they may still struggle to keep up with people of their age in functions of learning and regular daily activities. Through our development process, we become equipped with skills in order to grow, succeed, and evolve into our adult life. When a development stage, cognitive development stage, shows that the basic listening, comprehension, writing, reading, speaking, and the ability to reason are not present, someone needs to identify and address the situation as early on as possible in order for the child to have a chance to grow in all other stages of development. An example of the theory and condition where the two are intertwined would be when a child is in school and could be having difficulties with what other children take for granted as being simple skills that have been learned through development and interaction with parents, teachers, etc. In this child’s situation, he/she does not have the ability to understand the story that he had just read, and now has the task of answering questions about the story in writing. His cognitive development stage for some reason has not evolved the way it should have, which now has left him battling a learning disability that may have gone unnoticed by his parents. In this situation, it is now up to the teacher to be able to identify what is taking place and to make sure that the child receives the necessary attention and evaluation in order to help him/her overcome and cope with what they are struggling with. The difficult part in the whole process is identifying learning disabilities early on and being able to treat them appropriately and in a timely manner. With children, unless significant signs are present, the struggles early on could be attributed to just being a child if one isn’t familiar with the signs of a disability. Once the disability is diagnosed, many options and opportunities are present to help assist in the overcoming of the problems. However, if the disability goes undetected or ignored for too long, a life  of challenges lies ahead for the individual. Literature Review -Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling. Authors name: Leichtentritt, Judith; Shechtman, Zipora. Publication date: Mar/Apr 2010 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: This study compared outcomes and processes in counseling groups of an expressive-supportive modality for children with learning disabilities (LD) and without them (NLD). Article relevance: This article provides and inside look and results into determining what the best form of counseling is for children with learning disabilities. -Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities. Authors name: Schiff, Rachel; Bauminger, Nirit Publication date: Jan 2009 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: In this study, they investigated the analogical problem-solving differences between children with verbal learning disabilities (VLD), nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD), or non-LD. Article relevance: This reference will help to show the struggles that LD children have in problem solving and the great disadvantage that they must overcome with this disability. Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference? Authors name: Maehler, C; Schuchardt, K. Publication date: Jan 2009 Title of publication: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Summary: The present study explored several functions of working memory. A working memory battery with tasks for the phonological loop, the visual-spatial sketchpad and central executive skills was presented in individual sessions to 27 children with learning disabilities and normal IQ (ICD-10: mixed disorders of scholastic skills), 27 children with learning disabilities and low IQ (intellectual disabilities), and a control group of 27 typically  developing children with regular school achievement levels and normal IQ. Article relevance: To show a comparison on how the functions of the brain are affected when dealing with a child with a learning disability. -The Inhibition of Exogenous Distracting Information in Children with Learning Disabilities. Authors name: Censabella, Sandrine; Marie-Pascale Noà «l Publication date: Sept/Oct 2005 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: This article reports on an experiment examining the capacities of children with LD to inhibit exogenous interference, such as automatic, prepotent responses and distractor interference. Article relevance: To support the fact that children with LD have interference with there working memory and to explain the possible solutions. -Cognitive functioning as measured by the WISC-R: Do children with learning disabilities have distinctive patterns of performance? Authors name: Amedeo D Angiulli; Siegel,Linda S. Publication date: Jan/Feb 2003 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: Patterns of performance on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) have been proposed as useful tools for the identification of children with learning disabilities (LD Article relevance: Support in the findings that children with an LD show a pattern in performance that can be determined in early stages in order to counteract the disability. Conclusion The reality of the situation is that learning disabilities in children will always be around. The hope is that someday, with improving knowledge and experimentation, we will have a solution in the process of treating the disability that will allow for the children that have the issues to not feel isolated. The fear alone of a child falling behind in school and in their social life is a stressful situation for that child. Identifying the  disability early and treating it properly is the key to a life without handcuffs.